Space Calculators
Light Pollution Exposure Estimator
A rough starting point for sub-exposure length based on your sky's Bortle class.
📷 Exposure Estimator
Recommended max sub-exposure: 60–90 seconds (skyglow saturates longer exposures).
A rough starting point only: the best sub-exposure also depends on your camera, gain/ISO, f-ratio, filters and target. Test a few and check your histogram.